Center for Applied Isotope Studies
RADIOCARBON ANALYSIS REPORT
November 29, 2011
Hugo Miller 1215 Bryson Rd. Columbus, OH 43224-2009
Dear Mr. Miller
Enclosed please find the results of carbon content analyses for the sample received by our laboratory on October 27, 2011.
UGAMS # Sample ID Material C, % N, % 14C age, years BP δ13C, ‰ 9891a P-B-9 bioapatite 3.40 0.20 38250±160 -9.1 9891c P-B-9 organics 22390±70 -21.7 9892 H-H-Int bulk 2.95 0.06 n/a n/a 9893a H-H-Ext bioapatite 2.95 0.00 37660±160 -4.9 9894c B-Bis-1 collagen 5.73 1.41 160±25 -12.4 C and N content were analyzed on the bulk samples before any pretreatment.
The bone was cleaned and washed, using ultrasonic bath. After cleaning, the dried bone was gently crushed to small fragments. The crushed bone was treated with diluted 1N acetic acid to remove surface absorbed and secondary carbonates. Carbon dioxide from the secondary carbonates was collected and purified for analysis. The chemically cleaned sample was then reacted under vacuum with 1N HCl to dissolve the bone mineral and release carbon dioxide from bioapatite. The charred bone sample was treated with 5% HCl at the temperature 80°C for 1 hour, then it was washed and with deionized water on the fiberglass filter and treated with diluted NaOH to remove possible contamination by humic acids. After that the sample was treated with diluted HCL again, washed with deionized water and dried at 60°C. The cleaned sample was combusted at 900oC in evacuated/sealed quartz ampoule in the present CuO. The resulting carbon dioxide was cryogenically purified from the other reaction products and catalytically converted to graphite using the method of Vogel et al. (1984) Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B5, 289-293. Graphite 14C/13C ratios were measured using the CAIS 0.5 MeV accelerator mass spectrometer. The sample ratios were compared to the ratio measured from the Oxalic Acid I (NBS SRM 4990). The sample 13C/12C ratios were measured separately using a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer and expressed as δ13C with respect to PDB, with an error of less than 0.1‰.


The quoted uncalibrated dates have been given in radiocarbon years before 1950 (years BP), using the 14 C half-life of 5568 years. The error is quoted as one standard deviation and reflects both statistical and experimental errors. The date has been corrected for isotope fractionation. Sincerely,
Dr.Alexander Cherkinsky


Center for Applied Isotope Studies
University of Georgia
Tel: (706) 542-1395 E-mail: FAX: (706) 542-6106 acherkin@uga.edu
INVOICE
November 29, 2011
Results To: Invoice To:
Hugo Miller 1215 Bryson Rd. Columbus, OH 43224-2009
Invoice Nos.: 11529
Description of Work: 4 carbon and nitrogen content analyses @ $20.00 3 radiocarbon (AMS) analysis of bone @ $575.00 1 radiocarbon (AMS) analysis of charred bone @ $525.00
Total Samples: 4 UGAMS 09891 through 9894.
Please Pay This Total Amount ........................US$2330.00
Make Check Payable To ...............................University of Georgia/CAIS
Remit Payment to .................................... Center for Applied Isotope Studies C.A.I.S. Building 120 Riverbend Rd. Athens, GA 30602-4702
Invoice Submitted by....................................Alexander Cherkinsky
Center for Applied Isotope Studies
120 Riverbend Road • Athens, Georgia 30602-4720 Telephone 706.542.1395 • Fax 706.542.6106 * cais@uga.edu An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Institution