341 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
341 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
THE FAILURE OF EINSTEIN’S E=MC2
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CHAN RASJID KAH CHEW 18 May 2017
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[English with Chinese translation]
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1. OPEN LETTER TO THE WORLD PHYSICS COMMUNITY
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Dear scientists,
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For almost a hundred years, Einstein’s formula E = mc2 (the fa-
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mous energy mass equivalent equation) has been the cardinal equa-
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tion of physics as it introduced the concept of total energy of matter;
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all dynamics involves energy of particles and matter. The author has
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discovered very recently (April 2016) that the formula E = mc2 is
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invalid; energy is fictitious in the formula. The proof is simple and
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involves no high mathematics.Any good high school students taking
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physics as a subject could easily come to a definite understanding of
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the analysis and decides for himself whether the author’s claim is cor-
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rect; there is no need to rely on the words of any physics professor to
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know whether the formula E = mc2 is valid or invalid. The author
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has the relevant paper in his website:
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"The Relativistic Mechanics of E=mc2 Fails",
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http://www.emc2fails.com
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The short paragraphs below are sufficient to convince any physics
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students that the formula E = mc2 is invalid.
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The formula for kinetic energy in classical Newtonian mechanics
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is:K E
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=
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1 2
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mv2
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This
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formula
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is
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derived
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from
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the
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application
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of
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New-
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ton’s second law together with the definition of momentum p as:p =
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mv, where m=mass of particle with velocity v. Energy in classical
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Newtonian mechanics is based on the definition of work(energy) =
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f orce × distance. Newton’s second law is:
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Force is proportional to the rate of change of mo-
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mentum
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d
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dv
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It gives force F as:F = (mv) = m × = ma. This is the well
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dt
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dt
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known definition of force as mass times distance: F = ma. The unit
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for force in the SI system is the newton (symbol N); with work =
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f orce × distance, the unit for energy is the Joule (symbol J).
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1
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THE FAILURE OF EINSTEIN’S E=MC2
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2
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On the other hand, the formula E = mc2 is derived from Einstein’s special theory of relativity together with a new relativistic definition of momentum p as: p = √ mv , where m = rest mass, c=constant
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1−v2/c2
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speed of light. With a new definition of momentum, force in special relativity would be different from the classical mechanics definition of F = ma; it is now:
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dp d mv
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F= = (
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)
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(1)
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dt dt 1 − v2/c2
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As any physics students can see, equation (1) is different from the
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rather simple F = ma. F = ma is the basis of the SI definition for
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the unit of force, the newton N. There is no way equation (1) may be
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used in any manner to define a unit of force. The truth is that special
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relativity has no real unit for force; the physics community assumes
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equation (1) too evaluates force also in the same units as with clas-
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sical Newtonian mechanics - it does not. Only in classical Newtonian
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mechanics that the SI unit of force, the newton N, may be used. The
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relativistic force as defined in equation (1) evaluates to only a real
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number with no association with any real unit of force. As force does
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not have a real unit, so does work and energy in special relativity
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have no real units. Energy in special relativity is only fictitious. The
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formula E = mc2 is derived directly from equation (1) and therefore
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energy in the formula, too, is fictitious (the only exception may be
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when a particle is at rest where E = mc2 may apply).
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All figures of energy in relativistic physics, including high energy
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particle physics, is based on the fundamental formula E = mc2; when
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energy is fictitious, all of particle physics breaks down. The European
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Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, that operates the Large
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Hadron Collider (LHC) has purportedly accelerated protons to levels
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of energy as high as 7 TeV (tera electron-volt, 1012). As the energy
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was computed from the formula E = mc2, the figure was just a fic-
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titious value. The only kinetic energy formula that computes energy
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in
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real
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units
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is
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the
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simple
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classical
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formula:
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KE
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=
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1 2
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mv2
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.
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With
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this
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formula, the proton’s energy within the LHC would only be about 470
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MeV (106); the CERN’s reported figure being overstated by a factor of
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15,000.
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All of high energy particle physics fails.
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2. 对物理学界的公开信：爱因斯坦的 E=MC2 物理学无效.
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亲爱的科学家们， 近一百年来，爱因斯坦的公式E = mc2着名的能量质量等效方程） 一直是物理学的主要方程，因为它引入了物质总能量的概念; 所有动 力学都涉及粒子和物质的能量。 作者最近发现（2016年4月），公 式E = mc2无效; 能量在公式中是虚构的。 证明很简单，不涉及高数
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THE FAILURE OF EINSTEIN’S E=MC2
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3
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学。 任何以物理学为主题的高中生，都可以轻而易举地了解证据，
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如果作者的说法正确，可以自己决定; 没有必要依赖任何物理教授的
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话来知道公式 E=mc 是有效还是无效。 作者在他的网站上有相关文
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章：
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E = mc2的相对论力学失败，
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http://www.emc2fails.com
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下面的短段足以说服任何物理学生的公式E = mc2无效。
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经典牛顿力学中的动能公式为：K E
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=
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1 2
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mv2
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;
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该公式来自牛顿第二
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定律的应用以及动量p的定义：p = mv; 其中m =具有速度v的粒子质
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量。经典牛顿力学中的能量基于以下定义：工作（能量）=力x距
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离。 牛顿的第二定律是： 力量与动量变化率成比例。 它给出
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力F：F
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=
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d dt
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(mv)
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=
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m×
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dv dt
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=
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ma;
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这是众所周知的作为质量乘积
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距离的力的定义：F = ma。 SI系统中的力单位是牛顿（符号N）; 与
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工作=力x距离，能量的单位是焦耳（符号J）。
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另一方面，公式E = mc2是从爱因斯坦的特殊相对论得出的，
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动量的新的相对论定义如下：p = mv/ 1 − v/c; 其中 m=静止质
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量，c=光的恒定速度。 有了动量的新定义，狭义相对论的力量与
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F = ma 的经典定义不同;就是现在：
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dp d mv
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F= = (
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)
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(2)
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dt dt 1 − v2/c2
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任 何 物 理 学 学 生 都 可 以 看 到 ， 方 程 （2） 不 同 于 相 当 简 单 的F =
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ma。 F = ma是 SI 系统对力的定义的基础，牛顿N.无法以任何方
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式使用方程(2）来定义力单位。事实是狭义相对论没有真正的力量
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单位;物理学学界只假设方程 (2）也是在牛顿力学的相同经典单位中
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评估力 - 它不是。 只有在古典力学中，可以使用力单位牛顿N。方程
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（2）中定义的相对论力量仅评估与任何实际的力单位无关的实数。
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由于力量没有真正的单位，在狭义相对论中的工作和能量也没有真
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正的单位。狭义相对论的能量只是虚构的。由公式E=mc2直接从等
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式(2）得出，公式中的能量也是虚构的（唯一的例外可能是当粒子处
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于静止时，E = mc2 可能适用）。
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所有能量数字在相对论物理学中，包括高能粒子物理学，都是基
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于公式 E = mc2;当能量是虚构的，所有的粒子物理学都会崩溃。 欧
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洲核研究组织（CERN）运营大型强子对撞机（LHC），据称将质子
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加速至高达7 TeV（tera电子伏特，1012）的能量水平。 由于能量是
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从公式E = mc2计算的，这个数字只是一个虚构的值。 计算实际能
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量的唯一动能公式是简单的经典公式：
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KE
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=
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1 2
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mv
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2。
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使用这个公
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式，LHC内的质子能量将仅为470MeV（106）; CERN的报告数字被
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夸大了15000 倍。
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所有高能粒子物理是失败的。
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作者:陈家钊拉希德.
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E-mail address: chanrasjid@emc2fails.com URL: http://www.emc2fails.com
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THE FAILURE OF EINSTEIN’S E=MC2
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4
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SINGAPORE
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